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| death_place = Springfield, Massachusetts | death_cause = | body_discovered = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | monuments = | residence = | nationality = | other_names = | ethnicity = | citizenship = | education = | alma_mater = Noble and Greenough School in Boston; Harvard University (1915 degree in math) | occupation = *American politician and businessman * Mayor of Springfield, Massachusetts, from 1937 until 1943 * Director of the Economic Stabilization Administration from 1951 until 1952 | years_active = | era = | employer = | organization = | agent = | known_for = Sole trustee of the Lowell Observatory for 40 years | notable_works = | style = | home_town = | salary = | net_worth = | height = | weight = | television = | title = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | movement = | opponents = | boards = *Massachusetts Board of Regional Community Colleges (1958) * Massachusetts Board of Higher Education (1966) | religion = | spouse = Caroline Jenkins | partner = | children = Caroline, Roger Jr., William, Anna, Mary, and Michael | parents = William Lowell Putnam II | relatives = | callsign = | awards = Honorary degrees from Boston College (1949), Saint Anselm College (1952), and the University of Massachusetts Lowell (1970) | website = | footnotes = }} Roger Lowell Putnam (December 19, 1893 - November 24, 1972) was an American politician and businessman. A member of the prominent Lowell family of Boston, he served as Mayor of Springfield, Massachusetts, from 1937 until 1943, and as director of the Economic Stabilization Administration from 1951 until 1952. During his short tenure in federal office, the nation's steelworkers struck—leading President Harry S. Truman to seize the nation's steel mills. For 40 years, Putnam was also the sole trustee of the Lowell Observatory. During that time, he purchased three new telescopes for the observatory and was instrumental in pushing Lowell astronomers to search for Percival Lowell's theoretical "Planet X"—which led to the discovery of Pluto in 1930.〔Hoyt, ''Planets X and Pluto,'' 1980.〕〔Tenn, "Lowell Observatory Enters the Twentieth Century—In the 1950s," ''Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage,'' 2007.〕 ==Early life and education== Roger Lowell Putnam was born on December 19, 1893, in Boston. He was the son of William Lowell Putnam II, a notable and wealthy Boston lawyer. The Putnams were members of the Boston Brahmins—a group of families which claimed descent from the founders of Boston. On his mother's side, Percival Lowell (the noted astronomer) and Abbott Lawrence Lowell (president of Harvard University from 1909 to 1933) were his uncles and the cigar-smoking poet Amy Lowell his aunt.〔"New Economic Stabilizer," ''Time,'' December 10, 1951.〕〔Putnam, ''A Yankee Image: The Life and Times of Roger Lowell Putnam,'' 1991.〕 Roger Putnam graduated from the Noble and Greenough School in Boston, and then attended Harvard University. He became acquainted with Leverett Saltonstall while at Harvard, joined the Hasty Pudding Club and the Fly Club, and graduated magna cum laude with a degree in mathematics in 1915.〔〔"Blue Bloods v. Blue," ''Time,'' September 28, 1942.〕 He entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1916 and undertook graduate studies in mechanical engineering. After the United States entered World War I in 1917, he enlisted in the Navy. He served on the U.S.S. Mississippi and was promoted to lieutenant, j.g..〔〔〔Marcus, ''Truman and the Steel Seizure Case: The Limits of Presidential Power,'' 1977.〕 After leaving military service, Putnam married the former Caroline Jenkins on October 9, 1919. The couple had six children: Caroline, Roger Jr., William, Anna, Mary, and Michael.〔 Putnam took a job working for a New London, Connecticut, shipbuilding company. He left that position after a short time to become a salesman for the Package Machinery Co. of West Springfield. He rose quickly within the company's ranks, becoming president in just eight years. During the Great Depression, Putnam used his personal wealth to develop new machinery—keeping employment high. He also instituted profit sharing, gave his employees life insurance and instituted a bonus plan.〔 Putnam was named chairman of the board at Package Machinery in 1942, where he remained until 1948.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Roger Putnam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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